We also discuss how a better understanding of these mechanisms can inform the way we design and implement exercise-based interventions to maximise their antidepressant effects on an individual basis. We focus on the capacity for exercise to elicit changes in neuroplasticity, inflammation, oxidative stress, the endocrine system, self-esteem, social support and self-efficacy. Exercise, a subset of physical activity, influences a range of biological and psychosocial processes also implicated in the pathophysiology of depression. In this review, we comprehensively assess key biological and psychosocial mechanisms through which physical activity exerts antidepressant effects, with a particular focus on exercise. It does, however, support exercise's role in protecting brain health, as does another study published recently in Stroke, which found older adults who exercised regularly reduced their risk of vascular-related dementia by 40%.Physical activity can treat and prevent depressive symptoms, but its antidepressant mechanisms are yet to be established. McGinnis says that's not enough evidence to eliminate mental stimulation as a cognitive protector. But the results came from the analysis of questionnaires followed by brain scans a few years later, and Dr.
People who engaged in intellectual activities didn't have the same benefits. In favor of physical activityĪ recent study of people in their 70s published in Neurology found that those who exercised the most had the least brain shrinkage and fewer white matter brain lesions, which can be signs of dementia. Scott McGinnis, an instructor in neurology at Harvard Medical School.
But is one activity more effective than the other? "It is difficult at this point to say, because most studies have not addressed this specific question," says Dr. Physical activity and mental stimulation are both considered vital for protecting your mental skills and warding off dementia.
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